Kurgan, Kurgan Oblast
Kurgan
Курган | |
|---|---|
| Kuybyshev Street in Kurgan Kuybyshev Street in Kurgan | |
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Flag of Kurgan Flag Coat of arms of Kurgan Coat of arms | |
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| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Kurgan Oblast[1] |
| Founded | 1679 |
| City status since | 1782 |
| Government | |
| • Body | City Duma[2] |
| • Head | Elena Vyacheslavovna Sitnikova (Елена Вячеславовна Ситникова) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 393 km2 (152 sq mi) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 333,606 |
| • Rank | 53rd in 2010 |
| • Density | 850/km2 (2,200/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Capital of | Kurgan Oblast[1], Kurgan City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Kurgan Urban Okrug[5] |
| • Capital of | Kurgan Urban Okrug[5] |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 640ххх |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 3522 |
| Website | www |
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Kurgan (Russian: Курган, IPA: [kʊrˈgan]) is the largest city and the administrative center (capital city) of Kurgan Oblast. It is in the south of the Urals Federal District of Russia. Population: 309,285 (2021 Census), 333,606 (2010 Census);[4] 345,515 (2002 Census);[7] 355,517 (1989 Census).[8]
Kurgan was named Tsaryovo Gorodishche until 1782.
History[change]
The city was settled between 1659 and 1662 as Tsaryovo Gorodishche (Царёво Городи́ще, meaning Imperial Citadel). It was used as a fortress town against attacks from nomads. It was given city status by Catherine the Great in 1782 as Kurgan. Its present name came from a large kurgan (burial mound) close to the city.
Economy and military[change]
Kurgan is on the Trans-Siberian Railway line, between Yekaterinburg and Omsk. It has two railway stations and the Kurgan Airport. It was home to the Kurgan West air base during the Cold War. It is also home to Russian Ilizarov Scientific Center for Restorative Traumatology and Orthopaedics, KAvZ autobus plant, and the machine building company Kurganmashzavod which produces the widely known BMP-1, BMP-2 and BMP-3 infantry fighting vehicles.
Climate[change]
Kurgan has a humid continental climate (Köppen climate classification Dfb). It has cold winters and warm summers.
| Climate data for Kurgan (1991–2020, extremes 1893–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.3 (39.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
17.3 (63.1) |
31.3 (88.3) |
36.6 (97.9) |
38.5 (101.3) |
40.5 (104.9) |
38.5 (101.3) |
34.5 (94.1) |
24.6 (76.3) |
14.2 (57.6) |
5.8 (42.4) |
40.5 (104.9) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −11.4 (11.5) |
−8.9 (16.0) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
11.1 (52.0) |
20.2 (68.4) |
24.5 (76.1) |
25.8 (78.4) |
23.6 (74.5) |
17.1 (62.8) |
8.8 (47.8) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
−9.2 (15.4) |
8.2 (46.8) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −15.5 (4.1) |
−13.8 (7.2) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
5.1 (41.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
18.2 (64.8) |
19.7 (67.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
11.1 (52.0) |
4.1 (39.4) |
−6.0 (21.2) |
−12.9 (8.8) |
2.9 (37.2) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −19.4 (−2.9) |
−18.3 (−0.9) |
−10.2 (13.6) |
0.0 (32.0) |
6.8 (44.2) |
11.9 (53.4) |
13.7 (56.7) |
11.9 (53.4) |
6.2 (43.2) |
0.2 (32.4) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−1.9 (28.6) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −47.9 (−54.2) |
−47.9 (−54.2) |
−44.3 (−47.7) |
−27.2 (−17.0) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−3.5 (25.7) |
2.8 (37.0) |
−1.6 (29.1) |
−7.7 (18.1) |
−24.8 (−12.6) |
−38.8 (−37.8) |
−46.4 (−51.5) |
−47.9 (−54.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 18 (0.7) |
14 (0.6) |
18 (0.7) |
22 (0.9) |
38 (1.5) |
51 (2.0) |
61 (2.4) |
52 (2.0) |
34 (1.3) |
34 (1.3) |
28 (1.1) |
21 (0.8) |
391 (15.4) |
| Average rainy days | 1 | 1 | 4 | 10 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 17 | 18 | 14 | 6 | 2 | 120 |
| Average snowy days | 23 | 18 | 14 | 6 | 2 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | 17 | 21 | 111 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 82 | 80 | 78 | 66 | 59 | 63 | 69 | 72 | 74 | 77 | 81 | 81 | 74 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 72 | 118 | 185 | 237 | 279 | 306 | 300 | 251 | 180 | 109 | 69 | 56 | 2,162 |
| Source 1: Pogoda.ru.net[9] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: NOAA (sun, 1961–1990)[10] | |||||||||||||
Gallery[change]
-
Marshal Golikov avenue
-
Cinema "Rossiya"
-
Wilhelm Küchelbecker house museum
-
Russian Orthodox Church Theotokos of Port Arthur church
-
Main post office
-
Central market
-
City center of culture and leisure
-
Children's art school
![Kurgan Regional Philharmonic Society [ru]](/index.php/File:Philarmony_Kurgan.jpg){kind=link}
![Kurgan Drama Theater [ru]](/index.php/File:Drama_theatre_Kurgan.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
![Russian Orthodox Church Alexander Nevsky Cathedral [ru]](/index.php/File:%D0%A5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BE._%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
![Railway station [ru]](/index.php/File:%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD.JPG){kind=link}
.jpg){kind=link}
![Kurgan Aviation Museum [ru]](/index.php/File:%D0%90%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%B9._%D0%A1%D1%83-25_%D0%B8_%D0%98%D0%BB-14._%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD_-_panoramio.jpg){kind=link}
International relations[change]
Twin towns and sister cities[change]
Kurgan is twinned with:
References[change]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Law #316
- ↑ КУРГАНСКАЯ ГОРОДСКАЯ ДУМА (из Устава города Кургана)
- ↑ "Паспорт муниципального образования Курганской области город Курган". City of Kurgan. Archived from the original on May 10, 2012. Retrieved 2012-10-28.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (2010 All-Russia Population Census) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. 2011. Retrieved June 29, 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ 5.0 5.1 Law #419
- ↑ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ↑ Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002) (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service. May 21, 2004. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ Demoscope Weekly (1989). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. [All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989) (in Russian). Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. Retrieved 9 Feb 2012.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ↑ "Weather and Climate-The Climate of Kurgan" (in русский). Weather and Climate. Retrieved 8 November 2021.
- ↑ "Kurgan Climate Normals 1961–1990". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved 7 November 2021.
- ↑ "Sister Cities". appleton.org. Retrieved 30 August 2020.
Other websites[change]
- Official website of Kurgan (in Russian)
- Kurgan news portal (in Russian)
- Cultural heritage of Kurgan (in Russian)