Template:Infobox plutonium

Plutonium, ₉₄Pu
	Two shiny pellets of plutonium of about 3 cm in diameter
Plutonium
Pronunciation	/pluːˈtoʊniəm/ (ploo-TOH-nee-əm)
Allotropes	see Allotropes of plutonium
Appearance	silvery white, tarnishing to dark gray in air
Mass number	[244]
Plutonium in the periodic table
	neptunium ← plutonium → americium
Atomic number (Z)	94
Group	f-block groups (no number)
Period	period 7
Block	f-block
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f6 7s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid
Melting point	912.5 K (639.4 °C, 1182.9 °F)
Boiling point	3505 K (3228 °C, 5842 °F)
Density (near r.t.)	19.85 g/cm3 (239Pu)
when liquid (at m.p.)	16.63 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	2.82 kJ/mol
Heat of vaporization	333.5 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	35.5 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	+2, +3, +4, +5, +6, +7, +8 (an amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.28
Ionization energies	1st: 584.7 kJ/mol ; ;
Atomic radius	empirical: 159 pm
Covalent radius	187±1 pm
	Color lines in a spectral rangeSpectral lines of plutonium
Other properties
Natural occurrence	from decay
Crystal structure	monoclinic Monoclinic crystal structure for plutonium
Speed of sound	2260 m/s
Thermal expansion	46.7 µm/(m⋅K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	6.74 W/(m⋅K)
Electrical resistivity	1.460 µΩ⋅m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	paramagnetic
Young's modulus	96 GPa
Shear modulus	43 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.21
CAS Number	7440-07-5
History
Naming	after dwarf planet Pluto, itself named after classical god of the underworld Pluto
Discovery	Glenn T. Seaborg, Arthur Wahl, Joseph W. Kennedy, Edwin McMillan (1940–1941)
Isotopes of plutonium v; e;
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
α	237U
SF	–
SF	–
SF	–
	File:Symbol category class.svg Category: Plutonium; view; talk; edit; \| references

PTPlutonium

Np ← i'box Np	^iso ₉₄Pu (E) infobox (E) isobox	→ Am i'box Am
File:Commons-logo.svg Commons File:Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata:Q1102 File:Wiktionary-logo.svg Wiktionary Indexes in PT: § below · Page
v e

Data sets read by {{Infobox element}}
Name and identifiers	view edit
Symbol etymology (11 non-trivial)	view edit
Top image (caption, alt)	view edit
Pronunciation	view edit
Allotropes (overview)	view edit
Group (overview)	view edit
Period (overview)	view edit
Block (overview)	view edit
Natural occurrence	view edit
Phase at STP	view edit
Oxidation states	view edit
Spectral lines image	view edit
Electron configuration (cmt, ref)	view edit
Isotopes
Standard atomic weight	view edit
most stable isotope	view edit
File:Notification-icon-Wikidata-logo.svg Wikidata
Wikidata *	view edit
* Not used in {{Infobox element}} (2023-01-01) See also {{Index of data sets}} · Cat:data sets (1) · (this table: v )

References

↑ Calculated from the atomic weight and the atomic volume. The unit cell, containing 16 atoms, has a volume of 319.96 cubic Å, according to Siegfried S. Hecker (2000). "Plutonium and its alloys: from atoms to microstructure" (PDF). Los Alamos Science. 26: 331.. This gives a density for ²³⁹Pu of (1.66053906660×10⁻²⁴g/dalton×239.0521634 daltons/atom×16 atoms/unit cell)/(319.96 Å³/unit cell × 10⁻²⁴cc/Å³) or 19.85 g/cc.
↑ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.
↑ Magurno & Pearlstein 1981, pp. 835 ff.

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[1] Calculated from the atomic weight and the atomic volume. The unit cell, containing 16 atoms, has a volume of 319.96 cubic Å, according to Siegfried S. Hecker (2000). "Plutonium and its alloys: from atoms to microstructure" (PDF). Los Alamos Science. 26: 331.. This gives a density for ²³⁹Pu of (1.66053906660×10⁻²⁴g/dalton×239.0521634 daltons/atom×16 atoms/unit cell)/(319.96 Å³/unit cell × 10⁻²⁴cc/Å³) or 19.85 g/cc.

[NUBASE2020-2] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.

[FOOTNOTEMagurnoPearlstein1981835_ff-3] Magurno & Pearlstein 1981, pp. 835 ff.

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