Help:IPA/Romansh

This is the pronunciation key for IPA transcriptions of Romansh on Wikipedia.

It provides a set of symbols to represent the pronunciation of Romansh in Wikipedia articles, and example words that illustrate the sounds that correspond to them. Integrity must be maintained between the key and the transcriptions that link here. Some keys are built on consensus more strongly than others; if the conventions of this key are already in wide use, any substantive change to it should be discussed on the talk page first as it would affect a large number of articles. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA.

Shortcut

H:IPA-RM

The charts below show how the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Romansh language pronunciations in Simple Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Simple Wikipedia articles, see {{IPA-rm}} and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.

Consonants
IPA		Examples	English approximation
b		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-buna.flac" not found, bler	bike
d		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-dent.flac" not found, dubel	done
dʑ^[1]		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-agid.flac" not found, jet	dew (British English)
f		fitg, flad, Audio file "Roh-vallader-clav.ogg" not found	fast
ɡ		Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-gat.ogg" not found, galant	gas
k		carr, architect, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-aug.flac" not found, kiosc, quai	scar
l		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-lavar.flac" not found, milli, val	lip
ʎ		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-egl.flac" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-glieud.flac" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-bigliet.flac" not found	roughly like million
m		milli, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-um.flac" not found	mother
n		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-nanin.flac" not found, onns	nest
ŋ		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-saung.flac" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-lungatg.flac" not found	sing
ɲ		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-bogn.flac" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-gnierv.flac" not found	roughly like canyon
p		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-papetaria.flac" not found, appartament, verb	spin
r	ʁ^[2]	Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-roda.ogg" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-carr.flac" not found, meglra	water (American English) or French rose
s		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-vossa.flac" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-nus.flac" not found	sorry
ʃ		schanza, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-glisch.flac" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-puspei.flac" not found, scopo	ship
t		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-teater.flac" not found, ti, agid	star
ts		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-cefra.flac" not found, bellezza, zunt	cats
tɕ^[1]		Audio file "Roh-vallader-chasa.ogg" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-tgamin.flac" not found	stew (British English)
tʃ		Audio file "Roh-vallader-rumantsch.ogg" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-tschetschapuorla.flac" not found	chew
v		Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-grava.ogg" not found, watt	vent
z		Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-casa.ogg" not found, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-rosa.flac" not found	zipper
ʒ		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-sbagl.flac" not found, Svizra, branscha, Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-grischun.ogg" not found	measure
Marginal consonants
h^[3]		Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-haluncs.ogg" not found, hobi	hat
Dialectal consonants
ç		Audio file "Roh-putèr-amih2.ogg" not found	hue
Semivowels
j		Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-jeu.ogg" not found, Italia, yak	you
w		Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-quel.ogg" not found, ual, walkman	wine

Vowels
IPA		Examples	English approximation
a		Audio file "Roh-vallader-banc.ogg" not found, clav	roughly like father
ə ~ ɐ^[4]		Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-casa.ogg" not found, Audio file "Roh-putèr-mellan.ogg" not found	comma or gut
e		bler, Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-pér.ogg" not found	roughly like pay
ɛ		è, Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-pèr.ogg" not found	bed
i		ti, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-historic.flac" not found	see
ɔ		Audio file "Roh-putèr-pom.ogg" not found, toc	off
o		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-biro.flac" not found, ovra	law (British English)
u	o ~ ʊ^[2]	bun, Audio file "Rm-sursilv-udir.flac" not found	tool or pull
Dialectal vowels^[5]
ø		Audio file "Roh-vallader-chaschöl.ogg" not found, Audio file "Roh-putèr-ögl.ogg" not found	roughly like hurt
y		Audio file "Roh-vallader-mür.ogg" not found, Audio file "Roh-putèr-bügl.ogg" not found	roughly like cute

Suprasegmentals
IPA		Examples	English example
ˈ		Audio file "Roh-sursilvan-comba.ogg" not found [ˈkɔmbɐ]	bottle
ˌ		libramain [ˌlibrəˈmaːin]	intonation
.		gïunist [dʑi.uˈniʃt]	moai
ː		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-dar.flac" not found [daːr]	long vowel
◌̯^[6]		Audio file "Rm-sursilv-cuort.flac" not found [kuɔ̯rt]	now

Notes[change]

↑ ^{Jump up to: 1.0} ^1.1 [dʑ] and [tɕ] are also respectively transcribed as [ɟ] and [c] by some linguists.
↑ ^{Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 Realization varies among dialects.
↑ ⟨h⟩ is aspirated only in interjections and loanwards.
↑ Pronunciation varies between the two realizations.
↑ Only in Putèr and Vallader dialects and German borrowings.
↑ Used to denote the second element of a falling diphthong.

[transcr-1] {Jump up to: 1.0} ^1.1 [dʑ] and [tɕ] are also respectively transcribed as [ɟ] and [c] by some linguists.

[dial-2] {Jump up to: 2.0} ^2.1 Realization varies among dialects.

[3] ⟨h⟩ is aspirated only in interjections and loanwards.

[4] Pronunciation varies between the two realizations.

[5] Only in Putèr and Vallader dialects and German borrowings.

[6] Used to denote the second element of a falling diphthong.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

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Comparisons	IPA conventions for English English dialects Wikipedia pronunciation respelling Other English pronunciation respellings
Introductory guides	Symbols For English speakers Manual of Style: Pronunciation