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List of rulers of Madagascar

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Revision as of 10:32, 17 December 2024 by 2409:40d4:1061:d90f:8000:: (talk) (Created page with " {{no references|date=December 2024}} This is a list of rulers and office-holders of Madagascar. == Kingdom of Imerina == Below is a list of the line of Merina monarchs that ruled in the Central Highlands of Madagascar and from whom were issued the first true.{{Copy edit inline|for=first true what?|date=December 2024}} * Andrianerinerina* (Son of God incarnate. According to popular belief, descended from the skies and...")
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This is a list of rulers and office-holders of Madagascar.

Kingdom of Imerina[change]

Below is a list of the line of Merina monarchs that ruled in the Central Highlands of Madagascar and from whom were issued the first true.Template:Copy edit inline

Monarchs of the Kingdom of Madagascar (1810–1897)[change]

NameLifespanReign startReign endNotesFamilyImage
Radama I
  • the Great
1793 – 27 July 1828
(aged 35)		6 July 181027 July 1828Son of AndrianampoinimerinaMerinaRadama I of Madagascar
Ranavalona I1778 – 16 August 1861
(aged 83)		1 August 182816 August 1861Wife of Radama IMerinaRanavalona I of Madagascar
Radama II(1829-09-23)23 September 1829 – 12 May 1863(1863-05-12) (aged 33)16 August 186112 May 1863
(murdered)		Son of Ranavalona IMerinaRadama II of Madagascar
Rasoherina1814 – 1 April 1868
(aged 54)		12 May 18631 April 1868Wife of Radama IIMerinaRasoherina of Madagascar
Ranavalona II1829 – 13 July 1883
(aged 54)		1 April 186813 July 1883Wife of Radama IIMerinaRanavalona II of Madagascar
Ranavalona III(1861-11-22)22 November 1861 – 23 May 1917(1917-05-23) (aged 55)30 July 188328 February 1897
(deposed)		Niece of Ranavalona IIMerinaRanavalona III of Madagascar

After the fall[change]

File:Portrait of princess Marie-Louise, niece of the Queen Ranavalona III.jpg
Niece and heir apparent of the Queen Ranavalona III, Marie-Louise, in 1900

After the fall of the Royal House, and the death of the last ruling Sovereign, Queen Ranavalona III's heir apparent, Princess Marie-Louise of Madagascar, remained. She died childless in 1948

List of rulers of French Madagascar[change]

Malagasy Protectorate (1882–1897)[change]

See the main article: First Madagascar expedition
Incumbent Tenure
Léon Frédéric Hubert Metzinger      1 May 1895 — 6 May 1895
Jacques Charles René Achille Duchesne 6 May 1895 —

1895

Émile Jean François Régis Voyron 1895 — 1895
Joseph Simon Gallieni 1895 — 1886
Charles Le Myre de Vilers, Plenipotentiary 28 April 1886 to March 1888
Paul Augustin Jean Larrouy, Resident-General March 1888 to 12 December 1889
Maurice Bompard, Resident-General 12 December 1889 to 11 October 1891
Jean Aurélien Lacoste, Acting Resident-General 11 October 1891 to October 1892
Paul Augustin Jean Larrouy, Resident-General October 1892 to 8 September 1894
Albert d'Anthouard de Waservas, Acting Resident-General October 1894
Charles Le Myre de Vilers, Plenipotentiary 14 October 1894 to 1 December 1895
Achille Ranchot, Acting Resident-General September 1894 to 21 February 1895
Robert Édouard Alphonse Chaloin, Acting Resident-General February 1895 to 1 December 1895
Hippolyte Laroche, Resident-General 1 December 1895 to 28 September 1896
Joseph Gallieni, Resident-General 28 September 1896 to 31 July 1897

Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies (1897–1958)[change]

See the main article: Second Madagascar expedition
Incumbent Tenure
Joseph Gallieni, Military Governor (6 Aug. 1896 to 31 Jul. 1897) then Governor-General (31 Jul. 1897 to 11 May 1905) 6 August 1896 to 11 May 1905
Charles Louis Lépreux, Acting Governor-General 11 May 1905 to 1 January 1906
Victor Augagneur, Governor-General 1 January 1906 to 13 December 1909
Hubert Auguste Garbit, Acting Governor-General 13 December 1909 to 16 January 1910
Henri François Charles Cor, Acting Governor-General 16 January 1910 to 31 October 1910
Albert Jean George Marie Louis Picquié, Governor-General 31 October 1910 to 5 August 1914
Hubert Auguste Garbit, Governor-General 5 August 1914 to 24 July 1917
Martial Henri Merlin, Governor-General 24 July 1917 to 1 August 1918
Abraham Schrameck, Governor-General 1 August 1918 to 12 July 1919
Marie Casimir Joseph Guyon, Acting Governor-General 12 July 1919 to 22 June 1920
Hubert Auguste Garbit, Governor-General 22 June 1920 to 13 March 1923
Auguste Charles Désiré Emmanuel Brunet, Acting Governor-General 13 March 1923 to 20 February 1924
Marcel Achille Olivier, Governor-General 20 February 1924 to 30 January 1929
Hugues Jean Berthier, Acting Governor-General 30 January 1929 to 1 May 1930
Léon Henri Charles Cayla, Governor-General 1 May 1930 to 22 April 1939
Léon Maurice Valentin Réallon, Acting Governor-General 22 April 1939 to 10 June 1939
Jules Marcel de Coppet, Governor-General 10 June 1939 to 30 July 1940
Léon Henri Charles Cayla, Governor-General 30 July 1940 to 11 April 1941
Armand Léon Annet, Governor-General 11 April 1941 to 30 September 1942
Robert Grice Sturges, Commander 5 May 1942 to 11 October 1942
Gerald Russell Smallwood, Commander 11 October 1942 to 1945
Anthony Sillery, Occupied Territories Administrator 25 September 1942 to 7 January 1943
Victor Marius Bech, Acting Governor-General 30 September 1942 to 7 January 1943
Paul Louis Victor Marie Legentilhomme, High Commissioner of Free French Possessions in the Indian Ocean 7 January 1943 to 3 May 1943
Pierre de Saint-Mart, Governor-General 3 May 1943 to 27 March 1946
Robert Boudry, Acting Governor-General 27 March 1946 to 19 May 1946
Jules Marcel de Coppet, High Commissioner 19 May 1946 to 23 December 1947
Pierre Gabriel de Chevigné, High Commissioner February 1948 to 3 February 1950
Robert Isaac Bargues, High Commissioner 3 February 1950 to October 1954
Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux, High Commissioner October 1954 to 1 May 1959

List of officeholders[change]

(Dates in italics indicate de facto continuation of office)

No. Portrait Name

(Birth–Death)

Elected Term of office Political party
Took office Left office
1 File:Philibert Tsiranana 1962-08-29.jpg Philibert Tsiranana

(1912–1978)

— 1 May 1959 26 June 1960 PSD
(1) File:Philibert Tsiranana 1962-08-29.jpg Philibert Tsiranana

(1912–1978)

1965

1972

26 June 1960 11 October 1972

(resigned.)

PSD
2 André Resampa

(1924 — 1993)

26 June 1970 2 July 1970 Independent
3 Alfred Ramangasoavina

( 1917 — 1989)

2 July 1970 21 July 1970 Independent
4 Philibert Raondry

( 1899 — 1990)

21 July 1970 23 July 1970 Independent
5 Jacques Rabemananjara

(1913 — 2005)

23 July 1970 25 July 1970 Independent
6 Calvin Tsiebo

( 1902 — 2008)

5 October 1970 7 October 1970 Independent
7 Victor Miadana

( 1920— 2002)

7 October 1970 9 October 1970 Independent
8 Eugène Lechat

( 1929 — 1998)

9 October 1970 11 October 1970 Independent
1 Philibert Tsiranana

( 1912 — 1978)

11 October 1970 11 October 1972 Independent
9 File:Gabriel Ramanantsoa 1961-07-31.jpg Gabriel Ramanantsoa

(1906–1979)

1972

(referendum)

11 October 1972 5 February 1975

(resigned.)

Military
10 File:No image.png Richard Ratsimandrava

(1931–1975)

— 5 February 1975 11 February 1975

(assassinated.)

Military
11 File:No image.png Gilles Andriamahazo

(1919–1989)

— 12 February 1975 15 June 1975 Military
12 File:Didier Ratsiraka (cropped).jpg Didier Ratsiraka

(1936–)

— 15 June 1975 30 December 1975 Military
12 File:Didier Ratsiraka (cropped).jpg Didier Ratsiraka

(1936–)

1982

1989

30 December 1975 12 January 1992 Military /

AREMA

(12) File:Didier Ratsiraka (cropped).jpg Didier Ratsiraka

(1936–)

— 12 January 1992 27 March 1993 AREMA
13 File:President Albert Zafy.jpg Albert Zafy

(1927–2017)

1992–93 27 March 1993 5 September 1996

(resigned.)

UNDD
14 File:No image.png Norbert Ratsirahonana

(1938–)

— 5 September 1996 9 February 1997 AVI
(12) File:Didier Ratsiraka (cropped).jpg Didier Ratsiraka

(1936–)

1996 9 February 1997 (25 February 2002)

15 July 2002

AREMA
15 File:Marc Ravalomanana 2005-04-19.jpg Marc Ravalomanana

(1949–)

2001

2006

(22 February 2002)

15 July 2002

17 March 2009

(deposed.)

TIM
16 File:No image.png Hyppolite Ramaroson

(1951–)

— 17 March 2009 Military
17 File:Andry Rajoelina greeting crowd (cropped).jpg Andry Rajoelina
(born 1974) 		— (7 February 2009)
17 March 2009 		25 January 2014 TGV
18 File:Hery Rajaonarimampianina 2014.jpg Hery Rajaonarimampianina
(born 1958) 		2013 25 January 2014 7 September 2018 HVM
19 File:Rivo Rakotovao 2014.jpg Rivo Rakotovao
(born 1960) 		— 7 September 2018 19 January 2019 HVM
17 File:Andry Rajoelina in December 2022 (cropped).jpg Andry Rajoelina
(born 1974) 		2018 19 January 2019 9 September 2023 TGV
20 File:Herimanana Razafimahefa (2021) (cropped).jpg Herimanana Razafimahefa
(born 1957) 		— 9 September 2023 9 September 2023 TGV
21 File:Кристиан Нтсай (22-12-2020).jpg Council of Ministers
Prime Minister:
Christian Ntsay
(born 1961) 		— 9 September 2023 27 October 2023 Independent
22 File:No image.png Richard Ravalomanana
(born 1959) 		— 27 October 2023 16 December 2023 Independent
17 File:Andry Rajoelina in December 2022 (cropped).jpg Andry Rajoelina
(born 1974) 		2023 16 December 2023 Incumbent TGV

First ladies of Madagascar[change]

Name Portrait Term Began Term Ended
Justine Tsiranana File:Justine Tsiranana.jpg June 26, 1960 October 11, 1972
Marcelle Larguier October 11, 1972 February 5, 1975
Thérèse Ratsimandrava February 5, 1975 February 11, 1975
Céline Ratsiraka June 15, 1975 March 27, 1993
Thérèse Zafy March 27, 1993 September 5, 1996
Sahondra Rakotondravaly Ratsirahonana September 5, 1996 February 9, 1997
Céline Ratsiraka February 9, 1997 May 6, 2002
Lalao Ravalomanana File:Lalao Ravalomanana.jpg May 6, 2002 March 17, 2009
Mialy Rajoelina File:Andry et Mialy Rajoelina, allée des Baobabs, 22 avril 2012.jpg March 17, 2009 January 25, 2014
Voahangy Rajaonarimampianina File:Voahanagy Rajaonarimampianina.jpg January 25, 2014 September 7, 2018
Mialy Rajoelina File:Andry et Mialy Rajoelina, allée des Baobabs, 22 avril 2012.jpg January 19, 2019 September 9, 2023
Mialy Rajoelina File:Andry et Mialy Rajoelina, allée des Baobabs, 22 avril 2012.jpg December 16, 2023 Incumbent

vice president[change]

The vice president of Madagascar was a political position in Madagascar during the era of Malagasy Republic.

Position Name Took office Left office
Vice President Philibert Raondry May 1959 June 1960
Vice President Calvin Tsiebo June 1960 October 1970
1st Vice President André Resampa October 1970 February 1971
1st Vice President Calvin Tsiebo February 1971 October 1972
2nd Vice President Jacques Rabemananjara February 1971 May 1972
3rd Vice President Victor Miadana February 1971 May 1972
4th Vice President Alfred Ramangasoavina February 1971 May 1972
5th Vice President Eugène Lechat February 1971 May 1972

List[change]

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Political party
Took office Left office
1 File:No image.png Andriamihaja
(died 1833) 		1828 1833 Independent
2 File:No image.png Rainiharo
(died 1852) 		1833 10 February 1852
(died in office.) 		Independent
3 Rainivoninahitriniony
(1821–1869) 		10 February 1852 14 July 1864
(deposed.) 		Independent
4 Rainilaiarivony
(1828–1896) 		1864 1895
Independent
5 File:No image.png Rainitsimbazafy 15 October 1895 September 1896
Independent
6 File:Rasanjy, ca. 1890.jpg Rasanjy
(1851–1918) 		September 1896 February 1897 Independent
Post abolished (February 1897 – 27 May 1957)
7 File:Philibert Tsiranana 1962-08-29.jpg Philibert Tsiranana
(1912–1978) 		27 May 1957 14 October 1958 PSD
(7) File:Philibert Tsiranana 1962-08-29.jpg Philibert Tsiranana
(1912–1978) 		14 October 1958 1 May 1959 PSD
Post abolished (1 May 1959 – 26 June 1960)
Post abolished (26 June 1960 – 18 May 1972)
8 File:Gabriel Ramanantsoa 1961-07-31.jpg Gabriel Ramanantsoa
(1906–1979) 		18 May 1972 5 February 1975
(resigned.) 		Military
Post abolished (5 February 1975 – 30 December 1975)
Post abolished (30 December 1975 – 11 January 1976)
9 File:No image.png Joël Rakotomalala
(1929–1976) 		11 January 1976 30 July 1976
(died in office.) 		AREMA
10 File:No image.png Justin Rakotoniaina
(1933–2001) 		12 August 1976 1 August 1977 AREMA
11 File:Désiré Rakotoarijaona.jpg Désiré Rakotoarijaona
(born 1934) 		1 August 1977 12 February 1988 Military
12 File:No image.png Victor Ramahatra
(born 1945) 		12 February 1988 8 August 1991 Military
13 File:No image.png Guy Razanamasy
(1928–2011) 		8 August 1991 12 September 1991 AREMA
(13) File:No image.png Guy Razanamasy
(1928–2011) 		12 September 1991 9 August 1993 AREMA
14 File:No image.png Francisque Ravony
(1942–2003) 		9 August 1993 30 October 1995 CSDDM
15 File:No image.png Emmanuel Rakotovahiny
(1938–2020) 		30 October 1995 28 May 1996 UNDD
16 File:Norbert Ratsirahonana - 1996.jpg Norbert Ratsirahonana
(born 1938) 		28 May 1996 21 February 1997 AVI
17 File:No image.png Pascal Rakotomavo
(1934–2010) 		21 February 1997 23 July 1998 AREMA
18 File:Tantely Andrianarivo - 1997 (cropped).jpg Tantely Andrianarivo
(1954–2023) 		23 July 1998 31 May 2002[a] AREMA
19 File:No image.png Jacques Sylla
(1946–2009) 		(26 February 2002)
27 May 2002 		20 January 2007 Independent
— File:No image.png Jean-Jacques Rasolondraibe
(born 1947) 		31 May 2002 5 July 2002 AREMA
20 File:Charles Rabemananjara detail, 12th AU Summit, 090203-N-0506A-616.jpg Charles Rabemananjara
(born 1947) 		20 January 2007 17 March 2009
(deposed.) 		TIM
21 File:No image.png Monja Roindefo
(born 1965) 		(7 February 2009)
17 March 2009 		10 October 2009
(13 November 2009) 		Monima
22 File:No image.png Eugène Mangalaza
(born 1950) 		10 October 2009 18 December 2009 Independent
— File:Président UNA.jpg Cécile Manorohanta 18 December 2009 20 December 2009 TGV
23 File:Albert Camille Vital (IAEA Imagebank) crop.jpg Albert Camille Vital
(born 1952) 		20 December 2009 2 November 2011 Military
24 File:Jean Omer Beriziky-IMG 0958.jpg Omer Beriziky
(born 1950) 		2 November 2011 16 April 2014 LEADER-Fanilo
25 File:Roger Kolo 2014.jpg Roger Kolo
(born 1943) 		16 April 2014 17 January 2015 Independent
26 File:Жан Равелонариву 1 (20-01-2015) (cropped).png Jean Ravelonarivo
(born 1959) 		17 January 2015 10 April 2016 Independent
27 File:Оливье Солонандрасана (14-03-2018).jpg Olivier Mahafaly Solonandrasana
(born 1964) 		13 April 2016 6 June 2018 Independent
28 File:Кристиан Нтсай (22-12-2020).jpg Christian Ntsay
(born 1961) 		6 June 2018 Incumbent Independent

Colonial Governors[change]

Tenure Incumbent Portrait
Malagasy Protectorate (1882–1897)
28 April 1886 to March 1888 Charles Le Myre de Vilers,
Plenipotentiary
File:Le Myre de vilers administrateur 05096.jpg
March 1888 to 12 December 1889 Paul Augustin Jean Larrouy,
Resident-General
12 December 1889 to 11 October 1891 Maurice Bompard,
Resident-General
File:Portrait du Maurice Bompard, ambassadeur de France à Saint-Pétersbourg.jpg
11 October 1891 to October 1892 Jean Aurélien Lacoste,
Acting Resident-General
October 1892 to 8 September 1894 Paul Augustin Jean Larrouy,
Resident-General
October 1894 Albert d'Anthouard de Waservas,
Acting Resident-General
14 October 1894 to 1 December 1895 Charles Le Myre de Vilers,
Plenipotentiary
File:Le Myre de vilers administrateur 05096.jpg
September 1894 to 21 February 1895 Achille Ranchot,
Acting Resident-General
February 1895 to 1 December 1895 Robert Édouard Alphonse Chaloin,
Acting Resident-General
1 December 1895 to 28 September 1896 Hippolyte Laroche,
Resident-General
28 September 1896 to 31 July 1897 Joseph Gallieni,
Resident-General
File:Joseph Gallieni 01.jpg
Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies (1897–1958)
6 August 1896 to 31 July 1897 Joseph Gallieni,
Military Governor
File:Joseph Gallieni 01.jpg
31 July 1897 to 11 May 1905 Joseph Gallieni,
Governor-General
11 May 1905 to 1 January 1906 Charles Louis Lépreux,
Acting Governor-General
1 January 1906 to 13 December 1909 Victor Augagneur,
Governor-General
File:Jean-Victor Augagneur-1914.jpg
13 December 1909 to 16 January 1910 Hubert Auguste Garbit,
Acting Governor-General
File:Antsirabe-05.jpg
16 January 1910 to 31 October 1910 Henri François Charles Cor,
Acting Governor-General
31 October 1910 to 5 August 1914 Albert Jean George Marie Louis Picquié,
Governor-General
File:Albert Picquié Madagascar.jpg
5 August 1914 to 14 October 1914 Hubert Auguste Garbit,
Acting Governor-General
File:Antsirabe-05.jpg
14 October 1914 to 24 July 1917 Hubert Auguste Garbit,
Governor-General
24 July 1917 to 1 August 1918 Martial Henri Merlin,
Governor-General
File:Martial Merlin.jpg
1 August 1918 to 12 July 1919 Abraham Schrameck,
Governor-General
File:Abraham Schrameck 1912 (cropped).jpg
12 July 1919 to 22 June 1920 Marie Casimir Joseph Guyon,
Acting Governor-General
22 June 1920 to 13 March 1923 Hubert Auguste Garbit,
Governor-General
File:Antsirabe-05.jpg
13 March 1923 to 20 February 1924 Auguste Charles Désiré Emmanuel Brunet,
Acting Governor-General
File:Auguste Brunet-1929.jpg
20 February 1924 to 30 January 1929 Marcel Achille Olivier,
Governor-General
File:Marcel Olivier, Exposition coloniale 1931.jpg
30 January 1929 to 1 May 1930 Hugues Jean Berthier,
Acting Governor-General
1 May 1930 to 22 April 1939 Léon Henri Charles Cayla,
Governor-General
File:Léon Cayla-1930.jpg
22 April 1939 to 10 June 1939 Léon Maurice Valentin Réallon,
Acting Governor-General
10 June 1939 to 30 July 1940 Jules Marcel de Coppet,
Governor-General
30 July 1940 to 11 April 1941 Léon Henri Charles Cayla,
Governor-General
File:Léon Cayla-1930.jpg
11 April 1941 to 30 September 1942 Armand Léon Annet,
Governor-General
5 May 1942 to 11 October 1942 Robert Sturges,
Commander
File:Robert Grice Sturges.jpg
11 October 1942 to 1945 Gerald Smallwood,
Commander
25 September 1942 to 7 January 1943 Anthony Sillery,
Occupied Territories Administrator
30 September 1942 to 7 January 1943 Victor Marius Bech,
Acting Governor-General
7 January 1943 to 3 May 1943 Paul Louis Victor Marie Legentilhomme,
High Commissioner of Free French Possessions in the Indian Ocean
3 May 1943 to 27 March 1946 Pierre de Saint-Mart,
Governor-General
27 March 1946 to 19 May 1946 Robert Boudry,
Acting Governor-General
19 May 1946 to 23 December 1947 Jules Marcel de Coppet,
High Commissioner
February 1948 to 3 February 1950 Pierre Gabriel de Chevigné,
High Commissioner
3 February 1950 to October 1954 Robert Isaac Bargues,
High Commissioner
October 1954 to 1 May 1959 Jean Louis Marie André Soucadaux,
High Commissioner

See also[change]

Notes[change]

  1. ↑ Under house arrest by Ravalomanana from 27 May 2002.

References[change]

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