List of operating systems
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This is a list of operating systems for computers.
The first operating systems[change]
- CTSS (The Compatible TimeShare System, made at MIT by Corbato and others)
- Incompatible Timesharing System (The Incompatible Timeshare System, made at MIT)
- Multics (project by Bell Labs, GE, and MIT)
- Master programme for Leo Computers, Leo III in 1962
- THE operating system (by Dijkstra and others)
The first proprietary computer operating systems[change]
- Apple Computer (first version was firmware with Integer BASIC; later versions had Microsoft BASIC)
- Business Operating System (BOS) - cross platform, text-based
- Commodore PET, Commodore 64, and Commodore VIC-20,
- First IBM-PC had 3 OSes to start, UCSD P-system, CPM-86, PC-DOS
- Flex (by Technical Systems Consultants for Motorola 6800 based computers: SWTPC, Tano, Smoke Signal Broadcasting, Gimix, etc.)
- FLEX9 (by TSC for Motorola 6809 based micros)
- mini-FLEX (by TSC for 5.25" disks on 6800 based machines)
- Sinclair Micro and QX, etc.
- TRS-DOS, ROM OS's (largely Microsoft BASIC implementations with file system extensions)
- TI99-4
Unix-like and other POSIX-ready systems[change]
- AIX (Unix from IBM)
- Amoeba (research OS by Andrew S. Tanenbaum)
- AtheOS (continued with the Syllable code-fork)
- A/UX (Unix Apple OS from start of 1990s)
- BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution, a type of Unix)
- Cromix (Unix-emulating OS from Cromemco)
- Coherent (Unix-emulating OS from Mark Williams Co.)
- DNIX
- Digital UNIX (later, HP's Tru64 for Digital's AXP 64-bit computers)
- FreeBSD (Version of abandoned BSD with free source code)
- GNU/Hurd
- Haiku (operating system)
- HP-UX from HP
- Idris from Whitesmiths
- IRIX from SGI
- LainOS (FreeBSD project, a tried version of "Navi" GUI from Serial Experiments Lain)
- Linux (free Unix-like kernel)
- Minix (educational OS by Andrew S. Tanenbaum in the Netherlands)
- NetBSD (post-CSRG open source type of BSD)
- NeXTSTEP (foundation for OS X)
- OS-9 (not to be confused with Mac OS 9)
- OS-9/68k
- OS-9000 (OS-9 written in C)
- OS/360
- OSF/1
- OS X from Apple Inc.
- OpenBSD (post-CSRG open source type of BSD)
- OPENSTEP NeXTSTEP on Intel x86, HP PA-RISC, and different architectures.
- Plan 9 (by Bell Labs)
- QNX (POSIX, microkernel OS)
- Rhapsody
- RiscOS
- SCO UNIX (from SCO, purchased by Caldera)
- Solaris from Sun Microsystems
- SunOS from Sun Microsystems (became Solaris)
- System V (a release of AT&T Unix, 'SVr4' was the 4th minor release)
- UNIX (OS developed at Bell Labs in 1970 first by Ken Thompson)
- UNIflex (Unix emulating OS by TSC)
- Ultrix (DEC's first version of Unix for VAX, PDP-11, MIPS, and Decstation computers)
- UniCOS from Cray
- Xenix (Microsoft's version of Unix)
- z/OS (IBM mainframe OS)
Generic/commodity, non-UNIX, and other[change]
- AOS, now called Bluebottle(update to Oberon operating system)
- AROS (Amiga Research Operating System)
- Bluebottle (see AOS)
- BS2000 by Siemens AG
- Control Program/Monitor-80 (CPM operating system)
- CP/M-86 (by Digital Research)
- DESQView (windowing GUI for MS-DOS,1985)
- DR-DOS (MS-DOS compatible OS from Digital Research)
- FLEX9 (by TSC)
- FreeDOS (open source, free MS-DOS alternative)
- GEM (GUI for MS-DOS by Digital Research)
- GEOS
- MS-DOS (Microsoft purchased from Seattle Computer)
- MorphOS (by Genesi)
- NetWare (by Novell)
- NeXTStep (Foundation for OS X)
- PC-DOS (IBM's version of MS-DOS)
- Pick
- Plan 9, Inferno (networked OS by Bell Labs)
- Primos by Prime Computer
- Mach (kernel by CMU, used in NeXTStep and OS X)
- MP/M-80 (by Digital Research)
- NewOS
- Oberon operating system (developed at ETH-Zürich by Niklaus Wirth)
- OS/2 Windows/MS-DOS compatible operating system made in a Microsoft and IBM project, but later Microsoft stopped when they wanted to work on Windows NT more; which was better than early Windows versions and MS-DOS.
- OS-9 (Unix emulating OS from Microware)
- OS-9/68k (Unix emulating OS from Microware)
- OS-9000 (portable Unix emulating OS from Microware)
- SSB-DOS (by TSC for Smoke Signal Broadcasting; a variant of FLEX)
- TripOS
- TUNES
- QDOS (made at Seattle Computer Products by Tim Paterson for new Intel 808x CPUs. Given to Microsoft—soon became MS-DOS)
- UCSD P-system (OS by a student project at the University of California, San Diego; directed by Prof Ken Bowles)
- VisiOn (first GUI for early PC machines, not successful)
- Visopsys (hobby OS for PCs)
- VME by International Computers Limited (ICL)
- Randolf by United Computer inc,
- Vision (first GUI for early PC machines, not successful, by Microware)
Hobby OS[change]
Operating systems written for a hobby.
- ReactOS (an open source OS that runs Windows NT applications natively)
- Panalix
- MenuetOS
- SkyOS
Proprietary[change]
Acorn[change]
Amiga[change]
Atari ST[change]
Apple[change]
Be Incorporated[change]
Digital/Compaq/HP[change]
- AIS
- ITS (for the PDP-6 and PDP-10)
- OS-8
- RSTS/E (ran on several machines, chiefly PDP-11s)
- RSX-11 (multi-user, multitasking OS for PDP-11s)
- RT-11 (single user OS for PDP-11)
- TENEX (from BBN)
- TOPS-10 (for the PDP-10)
- TOPS-20 (for the PDP-10)
- VMS (by DEC for the VAX mini-computer type; later renamed OpenVMS)
- WAITS
IBM[change]
- AIX (a version of Unix)
- ALCS
- Basic Operating System (first system released for the System 360, as an interim)
- DOS/VSE
- MFT (later called OV/VS1)
- MVS (latest variant of MVT)
- MVT (later called OV/VS2)
- OS/2
- OS/360 (first OS planned for the System 360 architecture)
- OS/390
- OS/400
- PC-DOS (IBM's version of DOS)
- SVS
- TPF
- VM/CMS
- z/OS
Microsoft[change]
- Xenix
- MS-DOS
- Microsoft Windows
- Windows 1.0x (Mostly text interface organised into windows, because graphical hardware was expensive at the time)
- Windows 2.X
- Windows 3.X
- Windows NT
- Windows NT 4.0
- Windows 9x
- Windows Me
- Windows 2000
- Windows XP (based on code of Windows 2000, was first "non-business" version of Windows NT)
- Windows Server 2003
- Windows Vista
- Windows Server 2008
- Windows 7
- Windows Server 2008 R2
- Windows 8
- Windows Server 2012
- Windows 8.1
- Windows Server 2012 R2
- Windows 10
- Windows Server 2016
- Windows Server 2019
- Windows 11
- Xenix
Personal digital assistants (PDAs)[change]
- EPOC, today is named Symbian OS
- iOS from Apple
- Newton OS from Apple, for Apple Newton MessagePad
- Palm OS from Palm Inc
- Pocket PC from Microsoft
- Windows CE (Windows Compact Edition, from Microsoft)
Microcontroller, embedded[change]
Little operating systems that run on small devices.
Fictional operating systems[change]
Operating systems that have only appeared in fiction or as jokes.
- Lcars - From Star Trek
- ALTIMIT OS - From .hack
- Digitronix - From The Hacker Files
- Hyper OS - From the movie Patlabor
- Penix - Funny word formed from Microsoft Xenix and a not great word
- Wheatonix - April fool's joke.
- GLADOS - Genetic Lifeform and Disk Operating System
- Lex/OS - From DCEU/DCU